What is the N×M Integration Problem?
A systems challenge where every one of N tools must be integrated with every one of M models or agents, leading to exponential complexity.
More about N×M Integration Problem:
The N×M Integration Problem is a scaling challenge in AI and software infrastructure where integrating N tools or APIs with M different models or agents requires N×M unique connections or adapters. This quickly becomes unmanageable as the ecosystem grows.
Protocols like MCP and standards like JSON‑RPC 2.0 help solve this problem by creating unified interfaces for plugin ecosystems and agent orchestration.
Frequently Asked Questions
Why is the N×M integration problem a concern for AI infrastructure?
It leads to exponential complexity, costly maintenance, and slow innovation when connecting tools and agents.
How can the N×M integration problem be solved?
By adopting standardized protocols (like MCP) and plugin architectures to decouple integrations.
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